上圖是人中(philtrum)的各種形態

 

顏面部的肌肉族群相當多,這也就是構成面部表情的基本要素,微笑的時候,口輪砸肌(orbicularis oris),提嘴角肌(levator labii superiorius),頰肌(buccinator),,,,等等,都是與笑容有關的肌肉族群

The Anatomy of the Nasolabial Fold: The Keystone of the Smiling Mechanism.

injection of botulinum toxin A (打肉毒桿菌素)to levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle and levator labii superioris muscle which are major lip-elevating muscles(提唇肌), has the corrective effect by weakening of these muscles(把這些肌肉變僵化,stiffness)

有關於打botox的說明與病例

Dynamic smile visualization and quantification:Part 1. Evolution of the concept and dynamicrecords for smile capture

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